Image © Kubicek studio

從工業(yè)遺產(chǎn)到經(jīng)濟(jì)適用房： 捷克共和國布爾諾 DADA Distrikt 背后的故事
From Industrial Heritage to Affordable Housing: The Story Behind DADA Distrikt in Brno, Czech Republic

由專筑網(wǎng)王沛儒，小R編譯

為了應(yīng)對捷克共和國飛漲的房地產(chǎn)價(jià)格，建筑公司 KOGAA 改造了一座舊倉庫，這是一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)惠的多樣化住宅開發(fā)項(xiàng)目。這個(gè)項(xiàng)目通過共享資金和直接銷售方式，繞過了開發(fā)商，節(jié)省了額外的成本，同時(shí)也將部分城市工業(yè)遺產(chǎn)改造為活躍的城市空間。建筑師采取了降低維護(hù)成本的可持續(xù)發(fā)展措施，進(jìn)一步體現(xiàn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)適用房、遺產(chǎn)修復(fù)和可持續(xù)城市生活之間的密切聯(lián)系。

該項(xiàng)目屬于城市“開放日”，這是一個(gè)對外開放的周末節(jié)日，每年舉辦一次，游客可以進(jìn)入城市的各個(gè)建筑，了解它們的故事。今年，開放日遵循“包容與無障礙”的理念，展示城市建筑的無障礙融合和建筑的社會(huì)影響，一共有 58 個(gè)地點(diǎn)向游客開放。

In response to the Czech Republic's soaring real estate prices, architecture firm KOGAA has transformed a former storage facility in Brno into DADA Distrikt, an affordable and perse housing development. The project's economic approach, achieved through shared funding and direct sales, bypasses extra costs associated with developers while refurbishing a part of the city’s industrial heritage, transforming it into an active urban district. The project also features sustainability measures aimed at lowering its maintenance costs, further exemplifying the intersection of affordable housing, heritage restoration, and sustainable urban living.
The project is now part of Open House Brno, a free weekend festival held annually that allows visitors to enter and explore various locations across the city and discover their stories and architectural narratives. This year, the festival follows the curatorial concept of “Inclusion and Accessibility”, showcasing barrier-free integration of urban locations and the societal impact of buildings. A total of 58 locations will be available to visitors, exploring a variety of programs and scales demonstrating

Image © Kubicek studio

這座工業(yè)建筑建于 1910 年至 1920 年之間，最初是位于布爾諾 Zbrojovka 工業(yè)區(qū) Svitavský 河畔的一家紡織廠。其使用功能經(jīng)過多次變革，先是改造成一家電機(jī)廠，然后在 20 世紀(jì) 60 年代至 90 年代期間被改造成一所學(xué)校。在過去的 20 年里，倉庫經(jīng)歷了搬遷，且年久失修，其所處的位置和布爾諾市不斷上漲的生活成本都成為這座建筑得以改造的契機(jī)。2019 年，建筑工作室 KOGAA 牽頭，與 GreenVille、Acer Woodway、Partero 和 U1 合作，開始了大規(guī)模的翻新工作?，F(xiàn)在，這個(gè)知名的住宅文化區(qū)DADA Distrikt，展示了將工業(yè)區(qū)改造成引人入勝的城市空間的潛力。

本案的資金來源于社區(qū)，這是一種團(tuán)體融資的運(yùn)作模式，這次改建的發(fā)起人是三位朋友，他們希望在尊重城市歷史和自然環(huán)境的前提下，找到增加住房總量的其他策略。對于捷克共和國來說，這是一個(gè)略顯新穎的融資系統(tǒng)，但這種形式在整個(gè)歐洲十分常見。為了幫助建立這個(gè)運(yùn)營體系，布爾諾市還向業(yè)主提供了補(bǔ)貼，通過未來住戶的直接參與，形成了圍繞開發(fā)項(xiàng)目的社區(qū)，同時(shí)也提高了私人空間的品質(zhì)。

The industrial building, built between 1910 and 1920, originally functioned as a textile factory on the Svitavský riverside, in the industrial Zbrojovka area of Brno. It changed function several times, becoming a factory of electrical machines, then transformed into a school between the 1960s and 1990s. For the last 20 years, it fell into a state of disrepair after the warehouse, its last previous function, was relocated. Due to its position and the rising costs of living in the city of Brno, the site was considered a good opportunity for redevelopment. In 2019, an extensive renovation process began, led by the architecture studio KOGAA, in collaboration with GreenVille, Acer Woodway, Partero, and U1. It is now best known as the DADA Distrikt, a residential and cultural area that demonstrates the potential of intertrial areas to be transformed into engaging urban spaces.
The project was made possible through a community funding system. The financial side operated in a similar way to the “baugruppe,” a system in which a group of people join financial resources to build a co-owned structure. The initiators of this reconversion are three friends, who wanted to find alternative ways of increasing the housing stock while respecting the city’s historical and natural context. This is a somewhat new financing system for the Czech Republic, but it is emerging throughout Europe. To help establish this operation system, the city of Brno also contributed with a subsidy to the owners. Through the direct involvement of future users, this strengthens the community which forms around the development and strengthens the qualities of private and private spaces.

Image © Kubicek studio

DADA Distrikt 最令人印象深刻的是它針對這個(gè)國家地產(chǎn)價(jià)格問題提出的獨(dú)特方案，當(dāng)?shù)厥袌鋈狈?jīng)濟(jì)適用房，因此需要能夠提高公共空間質(zhì)量的替代開發(fā)解決方案。通過共同出資和直接銷售，KOGAA 實(shí)現(xiàn)了相對經(jīng)濟(jì)的重建方式，從而避免了開發(fā)商的額外投資和房地產(chǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)的多余費(fèi)用。- KOGAA 聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人Alexandra Georgescu

The most impressive thing about DADA Distrikt is its unique proposition to the problem with real estate prices in the country. The local market lacks affordable housing and therefore calls for alternative development solutions that would also be able to strengthen the quality of public spaces. Its relatively economical reconstruction was made possible through shared funding and direct sales, therefore avoiding additional investment returns to developers and fees to real estate agencies. - KOGAA cofounder Alexandra Georgescu

Image Courtesy of Open House Brno

干預(yù)措施從一開始就旨在保護(hù)和突出現(xiàn)有結(jié)構(gòu)，否則在改造過程中這些結(jié)構(gòu)就會(huì)被拆除，設(shè)計(jì)策略和這個(gè)地區(qū)特征保持一致，具體特征體現(xiàn)在建筑的外立面上，金色飾面參考了布爾諾工廠的經(jīng)典黃色灰泥,新材料的反光特性也有助于減少外墻的熱輻射。

The intervention set out from the beginning to protect and highlight the existing structure, which would have otherwise been considered for demolition. This included interventions aligned with the original design and the character of the area. The intention is expressed on the façade of the building, as its golden finish references the classic yellow plaster of Brno’s factories. The reflective qualities of the new material also help reduce the heat gain of the exterior walls.

Image © Darina Cisneros, Qualibau

本案設(shè)計(jì)了“外表皮和核心筒”系統(tǒng)，使其成為主要承重結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)過程有助于建筑師更好地了解原有建筑，梳理設(shè)計(jì)策略，這不僅降低了干預(yù)成本，還使建筑在各個(gè)開發(fā)階段之間更加協(xié)調(diào)一致，建筑師密切關(guān)注如何保持和突出建筑的品質(zhì)和特征。通過室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)利用現(xiàn)有的工業(yè)元素，提高了項(xiàng)目的內(nèi)在價(jià)值，因?yàn)檫@些元素在這個(gè)地區(qū)的房地產(chǎn)市場上獨(dú)一無二。公共空間也保留了原有元素，其中包括樓梯的圓角和外墻的幾何形狀。外部景觀設(shè)計(jì)也延續(xù)了這一理念，將廢棄的電梯轎廂融入其中，既是雕塑，也是對空間歷史的一種紀(jì)念。

The project is designed as a shell-and-core, with interventions aimed at revealing and working with the main load-bearing structure. This process helped the architects to understand the existing building better and to allow it to guide the design directions. It not only reduced the intervention costs but also created more coherence between the building’s development phases. Close attention was paid to maintaining and highlighting the qualities and character of the structure. By rehabilitating the existing industrial elements through interior design, the intrinsic value of the development is increased, as these are unique features in the area’s real estate market. Communal spaces also maintain original elements, including the rounded corners of the staircase or the geometry of the facade. The same intention is continued in the exterior landscaping, which incorporates the abandoned elevator car, acting as a sculpture and a reminder of the history of the space.

Image © Qualibau

Image © Qualibau

Image Courtesy of Open House Brno

這棟四層樓高的建筑有10個(gè)住宅單元，一層還設(shè)有商業(yè)和辦公開放空間，還有一個(gè)密集型綠色屋頂，這里是居民的社區(qū)花園。屋頂綠化面積達(dá) 330 平方米，這里會(huì)定期舉辦社區(qū)活動(dòng)，包括電影放映、業(yè)主會(huì)議和瑜伽課程?；▔N植有小型蔬菜和香草。依據(jù) Adapterra Awards的說法，有一名園丁住在這里，對綠色植物進(jìn)行專業(yè)護(hù)理。這個(gè)花園通過一個(gè)徑流收集和中水再分配系統(tǒng)供水，中水收集在后花園的一個(gè)蓄水池中，然后在處理廠進(jìn)行凈化。這個(gè)解決方案則是對建筑區(qū)位的呼應(yīng)與應(yīng)用，它位于易受洪水侵襲的地區(qū)。通過這個(gè)系統(tǒng)，水流速度減慢，屋頂成為雨水的過濾器，因?yàn)轫?xiàng)目的主要關(guān)注點(diǎn)之一就是打造一個(gè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展、易于維護(hù)、與自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和諧共處的城市空間。

DADA Distrikt 是一個(gè)很好的例子，通過提供經(jīng)濟(jì)適用房，改善新社區(qū)的城市生活服務(wù)質(zhì)量的同時(shí)尊重現(xiàn)有遺產(chǎn)。本案還采用了可持續(xù)的做法，如中水系統(tǒng)和社區(qū)綠色屋頂，突出了對環(huán)境管理的承諾?！安紶栔Z開放日”將對這一舉措展開探討，它可以作為未來其他項(xiàng)目的典范，展示新的融資系統(tǒng)、周到的設(shè)計(jì)策略和社區(qū)共享未來。

The four-story building now accommodates 10 residential units, in addition to open spaces for commercial and office spaces at the ground level, and a semi-intensive green roof acting as a community garden for the residents. Measuring an area of 330 square meters, the roof also regularly welcomes community events including movie screenings, owner’s meetings, and yoga sessions. The flower beds provide an opportunity for cultivating small vegetables and herbs. According to Adapterra Awards, a gardener also lives in the hours and ensures a professional level of care for the greenery. This garden is supplied via a system of water runoff collections and the redistribution of gray water collected in a retention tank in the back garden and purified in a root treatment plant also on site. The solution is also a response to the building’s location, in close proximity to the river, in an area prone to flooding. Through this system, the flow of water is slowed down and the roof becomes a filter for rainwater, as one of the main concerns of the project was to create a sustainable and easy-to-maintain development that works together with the natural ecosystem.
DADA Distrikt stands as an example of how an approach respectful of the existing heritage can also serve new communities by providing affordable housing and enhancing urban living. The project’s use of sustainable practices, like the greywater system and community green roof, underscores its commitment to environmental stewardship. This initiative, available to be explored at Open House Brno, could serve as a model for future projects, demonstrating new financing systems, thoughtful design, and community involvement

Image © Qualibau

Image © Kubicek studio

Image Courtesy of Open House Brno

Image Courtesy of Open House Brno

Image © Qualibau

Image © Kubicek studio

Image Courtesy of Open House Brno

Image Courtesy of Open House Brno

Image Courtesy of KOGAA

Image Courtesy of KOGAA

Image Courtesy of KOGAA

Image Courtesy of KOGAA

Image Courtesy of KOGAA

本文版權(quán)歸腿腿教學(xué)網(wǎng)及原創(chuàng)作者所有，未經(jīng)授權(quán)，謝絕轉(zhuǎn)載。

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