設計單位? 西安建筑科技大學建筑學院-垣建筑設計工作室

項目地點? 陜西西安

建成時間? 2024.8

建筑面積? 626平方米

本文文字由設計單位提供。

項目背景：

“三河一山”綠道的驛站群

西漢文學家司馬相如曾在《上林賦》中用“蕩蕩乎八川分流，相背而異態(tài)”描繪出八條河流縈繞長安的壯麗，由此有了后世流傳的“八水繞長安”之美譽。

Sima Xiangru, a writer of Western Han Dynasty, once used "Eight rivers flow in opposite directions and in different shapes" in "Shanglin Fu" to describe the magnificence of eight rivers lingering around Chang'an, and it has the reputation of "Eight Rivers Surrounding Chang'an" passed down from generation to generation.

隨著西安城市的高速發(fā)展，“八水”一度面臨水量銳減、污染嚴重的問題，政府也為此展開數年的治水工作，并在治水取得一定成效后，規(guī)劃建設出一條集騎行、步行、觀光、休閑等多功能于一體的慢行系統(tǒng)——“三河一山”環(huán)線綠道，反哺給市民日常之用?？上У氖?，大部分驛站在建設完成后并未得到充分利用，甚至出現長期閑置的狀態(tài)。

With the rapid development of Xi'an, the "Eight Rivers" once faced the problem of sharp decline in water volume and serious pollution. The government also carried out water control work for several years. After achieving certain results in water control, it planned and built a slow-moving system integrating cycling, walking, sightseeing, leisure and other functions-the "Three Rivers and One Mountain" ring line greenway, which feeds back to the daily use of citizens. Unfortunately, most of the post stations were not fully utilized after the construction was completed, and even remained idle for a long time.

項目位置：

自然環(huán)抱的靜謐之所

本項目正是在上述背景下的再利用，改造對象名為“錦堤驛”，位于國家級濕地公園試點區(qū)——浐灞生態(tài)區(qū)，同時也是歐亞經濟論壇永久會址所在地。

This project is a reuse project under the above background. The renovation object is called "Jindiyi", which is located in the national wetland park pilot area - Chanba Ecological Zone, and is also the permanent venue of the Eurasian Economic Forum.

“錦堤驛”在歐亞大道彩虹橋的北側，西面毗鄰灞河東路及灞河主河道，由于此處是灞河與浐河的河道交匯處，水面最為開闊，是大家傍晚以后休閑聚會、打卡拍照的人氣場所和年輕時尚匯聚之地?！板\堤驛”與灞河東路之間被7米高差的草坡和4米寬的騎行步道相隔離，成為相對僻靜之所。其東面緊鄰一個較大的湖面景觀，是生態(tài)區(qū)結合灞河泄洪支流所打造的生態(tài)濕地，為驛站的景觀品質加分不少。

"Jindiyi" is on the north side of the Rainbow Bridge of Eurasia Avenue, and is adjacent to Bahe East Road and the main river of Bahe River on the west. Since this is the intersection of the Bahe River and Chanhe River, the water surface is the most open. It is a popular place for leisure gatherings, check-in and taking photos after dusk, and a gathering place for young fashion. "Jindiyi" is separated from Bahe East Road by a grass slope with a height difference of 7 meters and a 4-meter wide cycling trail, making it a relatively secluded place. To the east, it is adjacent to a larger lake landscape, which is an ecological wetland created by the ecological zone combined with the flood discharge tributary of Bahe River, which adds a lot to the landscape quality of the station.

驛站現狀：

空間閑置，消極浪費

“錦堤驛”的原狀呈T字形體量構成，鋼筋混凝土框架結構，白色金屬鋁板外皮。其中，南北朝向的體量只有一層高，由開敞環(huán)形外廊包裹出一個矩形盒子，盒子南側部分是公共衛(wèi)生間，北側部分閑置。環(huán)形外廊極少有人使用，僅東側較大的臨水平臺時有人聚集。

The original state of "Jindi Post Station" is a T-shaped volume, reinforced concrete frame structure, and white metal aluminum plate outer skin. Among them, the volume facing north and south is only one floor high, and a rectangular box is wrapped by an open circular corridor. The south side of the box is a public toilet, and the north side is idle. The circular corridor is rarely used, and people gather only on the larger waterfront platform on the east side.

建筑屋面是一個可上人的大露臺，風景絕佳，但缺乏遮陽避雨措施，平日基本無人問津；東西朝向的體量有兩層，亦是外廊包裹室內空間的構成關系，空間全部閑置。樓梯的位置及方向也不理想，西側主要人流動線需要穿越一層和二層大部分空間，被嚴重拉長。通過觀察，這個驛站除去周邊居民因散步或運動會偶爾使用公共衛(wèi)生間外，基本無人來訪，造成了空間資源的消極浪費。

The roof of the building is a large terrace with excellent scenery, but there is a lack of sunshade and rain shelter measures, so it is basically unattended on weekdays; the volume facing east and west has two floors, which is also the structural relationship of the corridor wrapping the indoor space, and the space is completely idle. The location and direction of the stairs are also not ideal. The main flow line on the west side needs to pass through most of the space on the first and second floors, which is seriously elongated. Through observation, this post station is basically unattended except for the occasional use of public toilets by surrounding residents for walks or sports meetings, resulting in a passive waste of space resources.

大家的風景：

驛站的修補術

從增量時代到存量時代，建筑學在面對越來越多既有建筑改造更新的時候，急需反思建筑的社會價值與人文特征，通過重塑生機勃勃的場所環(huán)境，來修補人與人、人與自然之間的關系。2023年，我們與業(yè)主已經合作完成了西安城市運動公園內一處公共服務設施的改造更新，取名為“大家的庭院”。

From the incremental era to the stock era, when facing more and more existing buildings, architecture urgently needs to reflect on the social value and humanistic characteristics of architecture, and repair the relationship between people and nature by reshaping the vibrant place environment. In 2023, we have cooperated with the owner to complete the renovation and renewal of a public service facility in Xi'an City Sports Park, named "Everyone's Courtyard".

“錦堤驛”的改造更新是第二次合作，在設計之初就達成了更新共識：擺脫追求豪華的、流行的、內向的、風格化的餐飲運作邏輯，繼續(xù)創(chuàng)造在地化的、外向的、自由自在的開放空間，并通過改造產生混合的餐飲模式來滿足公眾的多元需求，同時最大化嫁接周圍優(yōu)美的環(huán)境資源。景區(qū)管委會的要求是盡可能保持現狀建筑的風貌，色彩需以現狀金屬板的白色為主基調，公共衛(wèi)生間需維持現狀繼續(xù)對外服務。

The renovation and renewal of "Jindiyi" is the second cooperation. At the beginning of the design, we reached a consensus on the renewal: get rid of the pursuit of luxurious, popular, introverted, and stylized catering operation logic, continue to create localized, extroverted, free and open spaces, and generate mixed catering models through transformation to meet the diverse needs of the public, while maximizing the grafting of the surrounding beautiful environmental resources. The requirements of the scenic area management committee are to maintain the style of the existing buildings as much as possible, the color should be based on the white of the existing metal plates, and the public toilets should maintain the status quo and continue to serve the outside world.

理清條件和目標后，我們提出了以下改造策略：

After clarifying the conditions and goals, we proposed the following renovation strategies:

第一，維持一層公共衛(wèi)生間的對外功能屬性，在其南側封閉出相對隱蔽集約的廚房等服務空間，并通過高側窗來解決采光和通風問題。

Firstly, maintain the external functional attributes of the public toilet on the first floor, close off the relatively hidden and intensive service space such as the kitchen on the south side, and solve the lighting and ventilation problems through high side windows.

第二，除去不可動的結構，一層空間的氣候邊界全部采用落地玻璃，以保證內外空間最大化的融通。東側區(qū)域借助場地高差及原有擋土墻，形成階梯狀的室外露臺餐飲，滿足人們與湖水景觀的親密接觸。北側區(qū)域單獨拓展出一個被自然包裹的咖啡飲品區(qū)，滿足非餐食客群的休憩之需。西側區(qū)域則作為主入口，銜接灞河東路方向的主要人流。在入口和大堂區(qū)域我們重新設計了兩部樓梯，一部可滿足人們直上屋頂大露臺，另一部經由大堂便捷地到達二層空間。如此，建筑的新動線既銜接了主要人流方向又產生多選擇的有效分流，同時保證了被服務空間的完整性。

Secondly, except for the immovable structure, the climate boundary of the first floor space is all made of floor-to-ceiling glass to ensure the maximum integration of internal and external spaces. The east side area takes advantage of the site height difference and the original retaining wall to form a stepped outdoor terrace dining area to meet people's close contact with the lake landscape. The north side area has a separate expansion of a coffee and beverage area wrapped in nature to meet the rest needs of non-dining customers. The west side area serves as the main entrance, connecting the main flow of people in the direction of Bahe East Road. We redesigned two stairs in the entrance and lobby area, one for people to go directly to the large roof terrace, and the other for convenient access to the second floor space through the lobby. In this way, the new movement line of the building not only connects the main flow direction but also generates effective diversion with multiple choices, while ensuring the integrity of the service space;

第三，二層室內空間占據出兩個錯位的包間體量（每個包間都獲得不同方向的優(yōu)質景觀），來滿足部分家庭聚會的私密性需求。剩余空間則被限定為曲折的公共體驗路徑，銜接起最東側的餐飲空間與南側的屋頂大露臺。

Thirdly, the second-floor indoor space occupies two staggered private rooms (each private room has a high-quality landscape in different directions) to meet the privacy needs of some family gatherings. The remaining space is limited to a tortuous public experience path, connecting the dining space on the easternmost side with the large roof terrace on the south side.

第四，在二層大露臺上部我們增設了一個鋼結構的雙坡大屋頂，以獲得被遮蔽保護、但又向四面風景開放的大空間。雙坡屋頂被拆解為三個高低錯落的部分，既保證了通風又讓光線可漫反射進入。八顆鋼柱子與已有的混凝土梁柱對位設置，弱分割了露臺空間。向外懸挑出的屋頂構架和預留植物攀爬所設置的垂直構架一同削弱了建筑的體量感，加之陽光板的運用與光線的柔和進入，讓屋頂產生強烈的漂浮感，使建筑整體呈現出松弛輕盈的姿態(tài)和氛圍。

Fourthly, we added a large double-slope roof with a steel structure on the upper part of the second-floor terrace to obtain a large space that is shielded and protected but open to the scenery on all sides. The double-slope roof is disassembled into three high and low parts, which not only ensures ventilation but also allows light to diffusely reflect into the space. Eight steel columns are set in opposition to the existing concrete beams and columns, weakly dividing the terrace space. The cantilevered roof frame and the vertical frame reserved for plants to climb together weaken the sense of volume of the building. In addition, the use of solar panels and the soft entry of light give the roof a strong sense of floating, making the building as a whole present a relaxed and light posture and atmosphere.

小結

回溯這次改造工作，我們依然希望通過對場地環(huán)境和設計條件的深刻理解，形成有效的借用與轉化。從結果來看，這次設計基本實現了在地化日常生活場景在一個閑置建筑中的重塑，大家在這個自由開放的空間里共同享受到了與周圍風景之間的密切聯(lián)系，從而在身心愉悅的輕松氛圍下擴展出多元可能，這些也將成為我們持續(xù)關注與記錄的內容。

Looking back on this renovation work, we still hope to achieve effective borrowing and transformation through a deep understanding of the site environment and design conditions. From the results, the reconstruction of localized daily life scenes in an idle building has been basically achieved. Everyone enjoys the close connection with the surrounding scenery in this free and open space, thereby expanding multiple possibilities in a relaxed atmosphere of physical and mental pleasure. These will also become the content of our continuous attention and recorsd.

設計圖紙 ▽

完整項目信息

項目名稱：大家的風景——“錦堤驛”的改造更新

項目類型：既有建筑的改造更新

項目地點：中國陜西省西安市浐灞生態(tài)區(qū)灞河東路

設計單位：西安建筑科技大學建筑學院-垣建筑設計工作室

事務所網站：www.yuan-architects.com

主創(chuàng)建筑師：王毛真、吳瑞

設計團隊：劉澤憲、侯蘭欣、劉蓓、王嵐、汪鵬飛、全俊龍

業(yè)主：西安大隱餐飲管理有限公司

設計時間：2023.12—2024.4

建設時間：2024.5—2024.8

用地面積：1000平方米

建筑面積：626平方米

其他參與者：

技術顧問：白翌堯

結構顧問：胡曉劼

軟裝：黃蕾、趙倩

室內施工：西安寓成建設工程有限公司

鋼結構施工：陜西雄峰實業(yè)集團有限公司

攝影：孔錦權

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